Fundamentals of Chemical Thermodynamics

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About the book

This book is based on lectures in physical chemistry given by the author for many years to students of chemistry at Moscow State University. As its title implies, the book is a text on thermodynamics designed primarily for chemists and is intended as part of a general course in physical chemistry. In distinction to the traditional presentation of chemical thermodynamics, in this book a great deal of attention is paid to the interrelationships between thermodynamics and other sections of physical chemistry, in the first place physical statistics, more exactly statistical methods in thermodynamics. These methods have been extensively developed recently and are most suitable for calculations of chemical equilibria in gases at high temperatures. The applicational aspects of statistical thermodynamics require a knowledge of the energy levels of molecules. This knowledge comes, first, from experiment, primarily spectroscopy, electron diffraction studies, nuclear magnetic resonance, and methods involving the electrical properties of molecules. Second, substantial data are provided by quantum mechanics employed at the various levels of approximation. Therefore, in this book ample space is devoted to these areas, the material presented being reduced to a minimum required for building up the relationships to thermodynamics.

The treatment of classical thermodynamics, on which the book rests, is naturally based on the first, second, and third laws. To these is added the fourth law, which is known as the zeroth law of thermodynamics. Apart from the classical statements of the second law of thermodynamics, the author has also used the Carathéodory formulation, which is thought by the author to be logically the most rigorous.

Special emphasis is made throughout the book on entropy as the most important thermodynamic function that determines the condition for equilibrium and spontaneity of the change of an (isolated) system. But the study of equilibrium itself is carried out at constant pressure and temperature with the aid of a subsidiary function—the Gibbs free energy.

The book offers a description of a number of present-day methods of calculation of chemical equilibria, including the equilibrium of the dissociation of (diatomic) molecules into atoms and the equilibrium of ionization at high temperatures upon transition of substances to the plasma state.

One of the author's aims in preparing this text has been to expound thermodynamics in the simplest form possible, without cutting down consideration of physical concepts.

The first edition of this book was published in 1974. The second edition gives a more up-to-date exposition of the basic laws of thermodynamics. For example, the first law is applied at the very beginning to multi-component systems, for which purpose a chemical variable (the extent of reaction) is introduced. Some methodological changes have been made in the treatment of the second law and its applications. Phase transitions of the second kind are dealt with in more detail. The last chapter on the application of thermodynamics to non-equilibrium (irreversible) processes has been enlarged to a certain extent, and new material pertaining to calculations has been added.

 

 Title Fundamentals of Chemical Thermodynamics
 Author E.N Yeremin
 Publisher Mir Publishers
 Year of Publication 1981
 Pages 438
 Binding Hardcover
 Language English

 

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